The six W’s are six questions — who, what, when, where, why and how — that you ask about a problem before you try to solve it. They come out of journalism, where a reporter has to establish the facts of a story, and they got adopted into continuous improvement work for exactly the same reason: you cannot fix something you haven’t described properly.
I spent most of my working life as an operations research analyst, building models for manufacturing and supply chain problems. And the honest lesson from all of it is that the modeling was rarely the hard part. Getting a straight answer to these six questions was the hard part.

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